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It is a
6 Raka't Namaaz (SALAT)
(a) In each raka't recite Sooratul Faatih'ah, recite Sooratul Dahr
(Hal Ataa) 10 times.
(b) After Salaam recite the following Dua'a:
ENGLISH TRANSLATION:
(For Arabic Text please see "Mafateehul
Jinaan")
O Allah send blessings on Muhammad and on the
children of Mohammad.
In the name of Allah the Beneficent the
Merciful.
O my Friend in my distress!
O my Beloved Favorite in my comforts!
O my Allah, and Allah of Ibrahim, & Ismaeel, & Ishaaq,
& Yaaqob.
O Lord of "Kaaaf-Haa-Yaa-A'yyn-S'aad" & "Yaa
Seeen" and the "Quranil Hakeem"
I beseech Thee,
O He Who grants favors to him who makes a request!
O He Who does good to Him who calls!
O He Who fills to over flowing whom He gives!
O Generous Merciful Who is implored & entreated!
I beseech Thee,
to Send blessings on Mohammed & on the children of Mohammed.
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3
PHASES;
a. Before Imamate (35 Years), From 148 to 183 Hijah.
b. After Imamate 17 years in Medina
c. And three years in Khorasan, the most sensitive part of his political life as in this period. He had only a single son Imam JAWAD Who was seven years of age at the time of his martyrdom. |
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Imam Reza (Ali ibn Musa)
was the son of the seventh Imam and according to well-known accounts was
born in 148/765 and died in 203/817. The eight Imam reached the imamate,
after the death of his father, through Divine Command and the decree of
his forefathers. The period of his imamate coincided with the caliphate of Harun and then his sons Amin and Ma'mun. After the death of his
father, Ma'mun fell into conflict with his brother Amin which led to
bloody wars and finally the assassination of Amin, after which Ma'mun
became caliph. Until that day the policy of the Abbasid caliphate toward
the Shi'ites had been increasingly harsh and cruel. Every once in a
while one of the supporters of Ali (alawis) would revolt, causing blood
wars and rebellions which were of great difficulty and consequence for
the caliphate.
The Shi'ites Imams would not cooperate with those who
carried out the these rebellions and would not interfere with their
after. The Shi'ites of that day, who comprised a considerable
population, continued to consider the Imams as their religious leaders
to whom obedience was obligatory and believed in them as the real
caliphs of the Holy Prophet. They considered the caliphate to be far
from the sacred authority of their Imams, for the caliphate had come to
seem more like the courts of the Persian kings and Roman emperors and
was being run by a group of people more interested in worldly rule than
in the strict application of religious principles. The continuation of
such a situation was dangerous for the structure of the caliphate and
was a serious threat to it.
Ma'mun thought of finding a new solution for these
difficulties which the seventy-year old policy of his Abbasid
predecessors had not been able to solve. To accomplish this end he chose
the eighth Imam as his successor, hoping in this way to overcome two
difficulties: first of all to prevent the descendants of the Prophet
from rebelling against the government since they would be involved in
the government themselves, and secondly, to cause the people to lose
their spiritual belief and inner attachment to the Imams. This would be
accomplished by having the Imams become engrossed in worldly matters and
the politics of the caliphate itself, which had always been considered
by the Shi'ites to be evil and impure. In this way their religious
organization would crumble and they would no longer present any dangers
to the caliphate. Obviously, after accomplishing these ends, the removal
of the Imam would present no difficulties to the Abbasid.
In order have this decision put into effect, Ma'mun
asked the Imam to come to Marw from Medina. Once he had arrived there,
Ma'mun offered him first the caliphate and then the succession to the
caliphate. The Imam made his apologies and turned down the proposal, but
he was finally induced to accept the successorship, with the condition
that he would not interfere in governmental affairs or in the
appointment or dismissal of government agents. This event occurred in
200/814. But soon Ma'mun realized that he had committed an error, for
there was a rapid spread of Shi'ism a growth in the attachment of the
populace to the Imam and an astounding reception given to the Imam by
the people and even by the army and government agents. Ma'mun sought to
find a remedy for this difficulty and had the Imam poisoned and
martyred. After his death the Imam was buried in the city of Tus in
Iran, which is now called Mashhad. Ma'mun displayed great interest in
having works on the intellectual sciences translated into Arabic. He
organized gatherings in which scholars of different religions and sects
assembled and carried out scientific and scholarly debates. The eighth
Imam also participated in these assemblies and joined in the discussions
with scholars of other religions. Many of these debates are recorder in
the collections of Shi'ites hadiths. |
